West Nile Virus is a mosquito borne virus that can cause encephalitis or meningitis (an inflammation of the brain and surrounding tissues) in humans. West Nile virus is endemic in Macomb County with increased cases in the summer and fall. West Nile Virus is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It is important to remember that not all mosquitoes carry the disease and not everyone who is bitten by an infected mosquito will get sick. Individuals over the age of 60 or individuals with weakened immune systems are at the highest risk of developing more severe symptoms.
Spread of West Nile virus
West Nile virus is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Infection can live in multiple hosts but most commonly can be found in birds, horses, mammals and humans. Once a mosquito has fed on an infected host, any additional bites can transmit the disease.
History within Macomb County
West Nile virus is endemic within Macomb County. Macomb County Health Department continues to monitor mosquito populations for infected mosquitos by testing various mosquito pools throughout the spring and summer months.
Prevention of mosquito bites
- Use EPA registered insect repellents when you go outdoors. Repellents containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535, and some oil of lemon eucalyptus and para-menthane-diol products provide longer-lasting protection.
- Wear long sleeves and pants from dusk through dawn when many mosquitoes are most active.
- Install or repair screens on windows and doors. If you have it, use your air conditioning.
- Help reduce the number of mosquitoes around your home. Empty standing water from containers such as flowerpots, gutters, buckets, pool covers, pet water dishes, discarded tires, and birdbaths.
WNV in birds
Birds can be hosts for West Nile Virus and carry infection. Crows and blue jays in particular are affected by the disease. If you have observed any sick acting or dead birds you can report your findings to the DNR.
WNV infection
If symptoms develop, they typically appear 3-14 days after the bite of an infected mosquito. A large percentage of individuals infected with WNV will not develop symptoms. Some individuals will display symptoms such as headache, body aches, joint pains, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and swollen lymph glands. Most people with mild illness recover completely, but fatigue and weakness can last for weeks or months. Minor amounts of individuals will develop severe symptoms and should seek medical attention.
If you believe you are developing symptoms associated with West Nile Virus, reach out to your primary care physician
Additional resources
Contact the Environmental Health Services Division
Mount Clemens: 586-469-5236 | Email: environmental.health@macombgov.org